使用高光贴图创建色彩鲜明的地球

1.demo效果

2. 相关知识点

在demo效果中，你可以看到海洋的色彩比较鲜明会反光，陆地上则不反光或反光很少，实现这种效果并不是使用特殊的法线贴图，使用一张显示高度的法向贴图即可

3. 实现要点

高光贴图的使用和其他贴图一样，需要将material的specularMap属性设置成加载的高光贴图，还要设置material的specular属性，该属性接收一个Color对象，这个属性会决定反光颜色。这一步中还需要加载纹理贴图和法向贴图，并设置到材质的map属性和normalMap属性

// 创建模型createModels() {const publicPath = process.env.BASE_URL//加载纹理贴图const planetTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/Earth.png`)//加载高光贴图const specularTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/EarthSpec.png`)//加载法向贴图const normalTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/EarthNormal.png`)const planetMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial()planetMaterial.specularMap = specularTextureplanetMaterial.specular = new THREE.Color(0xffffff)planetMaterial.shininess = 2planetMaterial.normalMap = normalTextureplanetMaterial.map = planetTextureplanetMaterial.shininess = 10const sphereGeom = new THREE.SphereGeometry(10, 30, 30)this.earchMesh = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeom, planetMaterial)this.scene.add(this.earchMesh)}

4. demo代码

<template><div id="container" /></template><script>import * as THREE from 'three'import {OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js'export default {data() {return {earchMesh: null,camera: null,scene: null,renderer: null,controls: null}},mounted() {this.init()},methods: {// 初始化init() {this.createScene() // 创建场景this.createModels() // 创建模型this.createLight() // 创建光源this.createCamera() // 创建相机this.createRender() // 创建渲染器this.createControls() // 创建控件对象this.render() // 渲染},// 创建场景createScene() {this.scene = new THREE.Scene()},// 创建模型createModels() {const publicPath = process.env.BASE_URL//加载纹理贴图const planetTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/Earth.png`)//加载高光贴图const specularTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/EarthSpec.png`)//加载法向贴图const normalTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`${publicPath}textures/planets/EarthNormal.png`)const planetMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial()planetMaterial.specularMap = specularTextureplanetMaterial.specular = new THREE.Color(0xffffff)planetMaterial.shininess = 2planetMaterial.normalMap = normalTextureplanetMaterial.map = planetTextureplanetMaterial.shininess = 10const sphereGeom = new THREE.SphereGeometry(10, 30, 30)this.earchMesh = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeom, planetMaterial)this.scene.add(this.earchMesh)},// 创建光源createLight() {// 环境光const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x330000) // 创建环境光this.scene.add(ambientLight) // 将环境光添加到场景const directionLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff)directionLight.position.set(350, 350, 150)directionLight.intensity = 0.4this.scene.add(directionLight)},// 创建相机createCamera() {const element = document.getElementById('container')const width = element.clientWidth // 窗口宽度const height = element.clientHeight // 窗口高度const k = width / height // 窗口宽高比// PerspectiveCamera( fov, aspect, near, far )this.camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, k, 0.1, 1000)this.camera.position.set(30, 30, 30) // 设置相机位置this.camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0)) // 设置相机方向this.scene.add(this.camera)},// 创建渲染器createRender() {const element = document.getElementById('container')this.renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, alpha: true })this.renderer.setSize(element.clientWidth, element.clientHeight) // 设置渲染区域尺寸this.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true // 显示阴影// this.renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMapthis.renderer.setClearColor(0x000000, 1) // 设置背景颜色element.appendChild(this.renderer.domElement)},render() {this.earchMesh.rotation.y += 0.005this.renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera)requestAnimationFrame(this.render)},// 创建控件对象createControls() {this.controls = new OrbitControls(this.camera, this.renderer.domElement)}}}</script><style>#container {position: absolute;width: 100%;height: 100%;}.controls-box {position: absolute;right: 5px;top: 5px;width: 300px;padding: 10px;background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #c3c3c3;}.label-col {padding: 8px 5px;}.vertice-span {line-height: 38px;padding: 0 2px 0 10px;}</style>