本文介绍在FreeBSD 12上安装pip Python包管理器、升级pip的方法,系统是运行在Linux虚拟机VirtualBox里的,可参考在Ubuntu 18.04/Debian 9上安装VirtualBox 6.0的方法。
FreeBSD 12上安装pip Python包管理器
目前有两种方法可以在FreeBSD系统上安装pip,我的笔记本电脑上安装了FreeBSD 12系统:
# freebsd-version
12.0-RELEASE
FreeBSD 12自带有Python2.7和Python3.6:
# python
python2.7python2.7-configpython3.6python3.6-configpython3.6mpython3.6m-config
我使用的默认版本是Python3.6,请注意,FreeBSD 12系统上没有python命令:
# which python
python: Command not found
你可以创建Python3.6二进制文件到/usr/local/bin/python的符号链接:
# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python
# python --version
Python 3.6.6
从py36-pip包安装Pip:
# pkg install py36-pip
Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
FreeBSD repository is up to date.
All repositories are up to date.
The following 2 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):
New packages to be INSTALLED:
py36-pip: 9.0.3
py36-setuptools: 40.0.0
Number of packages to be installed: 2
The process will require 21 MiB more space.
6 MiB to be downloaded.
Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
[1/2] Fetching py36-pip-9.0.3.txz: 100% 6 MiB 308.7kB/s 00:20
[2/2] Fetching py36-setuptools-40.0.0.txz: 100% 487 KiB 124.6kB/s 00:04
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
[1/2] Installing py36-setuptools-40.0.0...
[1/2] Extracting py36-setuptools-40.0.0: 100%
[2/2] Installing py36-pip-9.0.3...
[2/2] Extracting py36-pip-9.0.3: 100%
Message from py36-setuptools-40.0.0:
Only /usr/local/bin/easy_install-3.6 script has been installed
since Python 3.6 is not the default Python version.
Message from py36-pip-9.0.3:
================ !!!! WARNING !!!! ================
pip MUST ONLY be used:
* With the --user flag, OR
* To install or manage Python packages in virtual environments
Failure to follow this warning can and will result in an inconsistent
system-wide Python environment (LOCALBASE/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages) and
cause errors.
Avoid using pip as root unless you know what you're doing.
================ !!!! WARNING !!!! ================
为Pip-3.6包创建一个符号链接:
# which pip-3.6
/usr/local/bin/pip-3.6
# ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip-3.6 /usr/local/bin/pip
# pip --version
pip 9.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)
升级pip:
# pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading /packages/c2/d7/90f34cb0d83a6c5631cf71dfe64cc1054598c843a92b400e55675cc2ac37/pip-18.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)100% |###########################| 1.3MB 750kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 9.0.3
Uninstalling pip-9.0.3:
Successfully uninstalled pip-9.0.3
Successfully installed pip-18.1
测试pip使用情况:
$ pip install awscli --user
如果你使用Pip作为普通用户安装Python包,则将二进制文件放在.local/bin/下。
将路径添加到PATH变量:
$ vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:.local/bin/
如果要安装Pip for Python 2.7,请运行:
# pkg install py27-pip
至此,已全面成功的在FreeBSD 12系统上安装PIP Python包管理器了。
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