一、蓝耳病是一种细菌病
蓝耳病是一种细菌性病症，由细菌蓝耳芽胞杆菌Listeria monocytogenes引起。此细菌可以通过气溶菌和液滴传播，并对微咸、脂肪和碳水化合物营养的环境种类有较高的适应度，在室温条件下可以存活。
二、病因
超过一半的蓝耳病是由食物中病原体的毒性素及细胞壁辐射，结合饮食成分的抗生素产热能力，从而产生的。它会导致母猪的胎儿死亡，使母猪流产，导致被感染仔猪的活动性和社交能力直线下降，并出现新生仔猪死亡和分娩结局不佳等症状。
三、常见症状
1. 母猪发热：母猪被感染会出现发热症状，体温可达39-41℃。
2. 皮肤发痒：母猪身上出现特殊的皮肤症状，比如皮肤表面湿润或者出现红斑和皮疹，严重的情况可能出现溃烂的病变。
3. 腹泻：母猪会出现持续的腹泻，大量的腹泻会使母猪衰弱严重。
4. 球形物体：母猪体内出现许多球形物体，每个球形物体直径约为6毫米，其病原体为乙型溶血弧菌。
四、预防控制方法
1. 食品安全：承包商及养殖户要注意原料与成品在运输、处理与放置的食品安全，以免细菌感染猪群。
2. 保持猪圈规范：保持猪圈规范，建立完善的清洁管理制度，降低病原的滋养猪群及宿主的毒素的分泌。
3. 动物卫生：保持动物卫生，尽量控制发病率。
4. 疫苗接种：对仔猪应进行疫苗接种，提高免疫力。
5. 食物检测：可将母猪食物进行检测，一旦发现有病原体存在，立即限制食用，并消毒治疗。
总之，蓝耳病的发生能够使母猪流产，应采取必要的预防措施，降低发病的概率，确保猪健康成长有利于猪舍的利益。
Since ancient times, the so-called \"blue ear\" has caused great losses in the breeding of sows. The pig \"blue ear\" disease is a common infectious disease in pigs, caused by the blue ear virus. If a sow is infected with blue ear, it will cause abortion and a large number of piglet mortality.
1、蓝耳病的病原和传播途径。蓝耳病是由蓝耳病毒引起的一种常见的传染性疾病，可以通过接触感染和飞沫传播。病毒可以在水、饮料中滞留3小时，沾染物表面滞留8小时以上。
1. Pathogem and transmission path of blue ear disease. Blue Ear Disease is a common infectious disease caused by the blue ear virus, which can be spread by contact and droplets. The virus can stay in water and drinks for three hours, and on the surface of contaminated objects for more than eight hours.
2、蓝耳病的流行病学情况。蓝耳病以中国和国外广为流行，最易发生在特定的温度、湿度和剧烈活动(如运输)条件下。当这些条件有利于蓝耳病毒滋生时，猪还容易受免疫压力的影响而受抵抗力发病。
2. Epidemiological situation of blue ear disease. Blue ear disease is widely prevalent in China and abroad, most easily occurring under specific temperature, humidity and vigorous activity (such as transportation) conditions. When these conditions are favorable for the growth of the blue ear virus, pigs are also prone to resist diseases under the influence of immunosuppression.
3、蓝耳病引起母猪流产的形式。首先，妊娠母猪在蓝耳发病期间会饮食不振或拒食，出现呕吐、抽搐或全身性发烧，无法继续妊娠时必须采取措施，可以釆用整形以保证猪只的临床症状并介入降低母猪流产率。其次，蓝耳病可以直接导致母猪过早流产，晚孕和死胎，出现胎头等缺陷，影响猪圈胎衣吞噬的能力，出现腹水和胎盘坏死，最终缩短胎龄、减少窝仔数。
3, forms of abortion caused by blue ear disease in sows. First of all, pregnant sows will have anorexia or anorexia, vomiting, convulsions or fever during the blue ear outbreak and have to take measures when they can not continue their pregnancy, which can be used to ensure the clinical symptoms of the pigs and intervene to reduce the abortion rate of sows. Secondly, blue ear disease can directly lead to premature abortion, late pregnancy and fetal death, defects such as fetal head, affect the ability of pig pen fetal clothing swallowing, appear ascites and placental necrosis, eventually shorten gestational age, reduce litter number.
4、蓝耳病在繁育母猪时容易出现的问题。在繁殖母猪时，一旦受到蓝耳病的影响，可能会引起胎内猪只、胎内囊肿或疾病胚胎，因而导致体内局部损伤，甚至会影响猪繁殖功能；妊娠猪只会饮食不振，出现抽搐症状，甚至出现流产，从而造成巨大的经济损失。
4. Problems prone to occur in breeding sows with blue ear disease. When breeding sows, once affected by blue ear disease, it may cause intrauterine piglets, cystic fetuses or sick fetuses, thus leading to local damage in the body and even affecting the reproductive function of pigs; Pregnant pigs will have anorexia, convulsions and even abortion, resulting in huge economic losses.
5、一些常见的蓝耳病防治措施。首先，加强疫苗施用，在猪群进入到养殖场或进行大规模聚集时，首先应安排接种蓝耳病毒疫苗，减少病毒的传播；再者，动物卫生管理。妊娠母猪的养殖环境应保持温度和湿度保持恒定，环境体温在28-31度之间有利于妊娠；并且浓密的豪蔵环境可以有效控制蓝耳病病原的持续传播；最后，养殖者应注意检查母猪的健康状态，及时发现其患病情况，及时根据病情注射疫苗及抗病毒治疗，以保证其抗毒能力。
