定语从句解题步骤:
Step1. 分析定语从句的成分:根据“缺什么,补什么”原则,如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语,只能用关系代词;如果从句成分完整,只能用关系副词。
Step2. 确定好选择的关系词类型后,再分析先行词:是指代人,还是指代物
【例1】题组训练
①. Thepark ______we visited yesterday is an excellent one .
②. Thepark ______ we held a birthday party is an excellent one .
句①解题思路:Step1. 分析从句成分: 从句中缺宾语,故只能用关系代词。 Step2.再看先行词:从关系代词方面分析,先行词park指物。因此:关系代词中作宾语,又指物,对比关系代词表格得到答案:which/that
句②解题思路:Step1. 分析从句成分:从句成分完整,故只能用关系副词。Step2.再看先行词:从关系副词方面分析,先行词park指地点。因此:关系副词中,指地点,故答案为:where
【例2】Ican never forget the day _①_______ weworked together and the day _②_______we spent together.
第①空解题思路:Step1. 分析从句成分:从句主谓完整(work为不及物动词,其后就不需要宾语),故只能用关系副词。Step2.再看先行词:从关系副词方面分析,先行词day指时间,故答案为:when
第②空解题思路:Step1. 分析从句成分:从句缺宾语,故只能用关系代词。Step2.再看先行词:从关系代词方面分析,先行词day指事物(时间也是抽象事物)。因此:关系代词中作宾语,又指物,对比关系代词表格得到答案:which/that
定语从句需要注意的地方
注意(一)关系代词代指物时,只能用which与只能用that的情况
关系代词代指物时,大部分情况下which与that都可以通用。但在以下情况中需要特别注意:
只能使用which的情况
①非限制性定语从句中
Mary has abook, which is very precious.
②在介词之后
This is ahouse in which lives an old man.
③先行词为that/those,或者被that/those所修饰时
That dog whichI found in the street belongs to Mary.
只能使用that 的情况
①先行词是不定代词(如:all,everything, nothing, anything, little, much, few等)或先行词被all, only,every,no, some, any, little, few 等修饰时
Do you have anythingthat is important to tell me?
②先行词是序数词、形容词的最高级或被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时
This is the bestbook that I have read this year,
③当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时
This is the very bookthat Ilost yesterday.
④先行词既有人又有物时
They talkedabout the things and personsthat they remembered in the school.