问题补充:
If you are looking for an animal to take the title of “most violent fish in the sea”, then the tiger puffer (河豚) fish would have to be a strong contestant. Not only is it deadly poisonous --- though that doesn’t stop people trying to eat it --- but it is also able to scare off enemies by inflating itself to become much larger than normal, when it is young it even chews on its own brothers and sisters.
Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays. Then the larvae (幼鱼) move to the entries of rivers and lakes once they have grown a little. Then, having put on a lot of weight, they head out to sea. There’s no innocent childhood for the puffer fish, as Shin Oikawa of Kyushu University in Japan and his colleagues found out when they put the larvae of tiger puffer fish in the lab and monitored them for two months. They found that the larvae went through three steps in which their metabolic(新陈代谢) rates increased dramatically when they reached body weights of 0.002g, 0.01g, and 0.1g. When a larva went through one of these steps, its behavior also changed. For instance, once a larva had passed the first level it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage. Similarly, any larva that had reached the 0.01g or 0.1g levels would start attacking lighter larvae.
The researchers noted that the baby fish had a “relatively small mouth”, so rather than swallowing their brothers and sisters whole, they would bite pieces out of them. Despite this limitation, the fish caused plenty of deaths --- up to 12 per cent of the deaths that happened in the lab each day.
Those fish that grew fast enough to be able to chew on their fellows had an advantage. The extra food accelerated their growth and development. Tiger puffer fish are likely to be faster and swifter, so they can deal better with enemies.
As the name suggests, puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are, thus scaring off enemies. They do this by filling their stomachs, which are extremely elastic(弹性的), with water. If that’s not enough of a threat, the tiger puffer fish --- like most of the other puffer fish in the family --- carries a deadly toxin(毒素). Eat one puffer fish and the poison will paralyze (瘫痪) your muscles, including the muscles responsible for breathing, so death is usually caused by a lack of oxygen. Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison. Interestingly, the puffer fish does not go to the trouble of producing the poison itself. Instead, it hosts bacteria (细菌) that produce the stuff. It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous.
【小题1】All of the following statements account for the violence of puffer fish except that.A.they are very difficult to catchB.they can become larger to threaten enemies awayC.they kill their younger companions as they grow upD.they are deadly poisonous【小题2】We can learn from the second paragraph that puffer fish .A.can only grow to a weight of 0.1gB.do not change their behavior as they grow upC.like to find a safe place to hatch the next generationD.begin to grow teeth when they reach the third level【小题3】Where does the poison in the puffer fish’s body come from?A.Its inner organs.B.The air it breathes in.C.The diet it eats.D.The bacteria around it.【小题4】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Puffer fish can only produce poison when they face danger.B.People like eating puffer fish even though they are poisonous.C.The larvae are more aggressive than adult puffer fish.D.Young puffer fish taste better than adult puffer fish.A
答案:
(答案→)A
解析:介绍了tiger puffer (河豚) fish的特性!
【小题1】细节题。最后一段第一行puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are说明B正确。第二段倒数2,3行it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage.说明C正确。最后一段第四行carries a deadly toxin(毒素)说明D正确。A没有提及。
【小题2】推理题根据第二段第一行Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays.可知他们把卵产在入海口,然后小鱼进入淡水,长大一点以后再进大海。说明他们是想找一个安全的地方孵化下一代。
【小题3】细节题。根据文章最后一句It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous.
【小题4】细节题。根据文章最后一段倒数第四行Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison.