福[+]计划：福田再中心 | 首尔城市建筑双年展（都市实践）

“建筑，设计以及倡导的生活~”

首尔城市建筑双年展（简称首尔双年展）涵盖了从社会学、地理学和经济学到文学、艺术、戏剧和电影等广泛领域，旨在围绕全球城市的未来进行研究和讨论。的主题是“集体城市 Collective City”，意在创造一个交流的空间，让公民参与到城市的创建和改造中来，并制定新的共同策略。

The Seoul Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism (Seoul Biennale) incorporates a wide range of fields–from sociology, geography and economics to literature, art, theater, and film – to engage in research and debate around the future of cities around the world.Themed on"Collective City"of aims to create a space for communication and engagement of citizens in the creation and transformation of their cities and develop new collective strategies.

都市实践携“福[+]计划”参加此次首尔双年展的“城市展”。

Urbanus"Fu [+] Infill Planparticipates in the "Cities Exhibition"of the Seoul Biennale.

地点：首尔敦义门博物馆村

展览时间：9月7日-11月10日

作品名：福[+]计划：福田再中心

展览团队：孟岩、吴然、莫思飞、郑植、王沁雪、朱宏瑞、苑瑞哲、陈锟、杨本强

Location: The Donuimun Museum Village, Seoul

Duration: September 7 - November 10,

Projects Name：Fu [+] Infill Plan: Re-making the Center of Shenzhen

Team: Meng Yan, Wendy Ran Wu, Mo Sifei, Zheng Zhi, Wang Qinxue, Zhu Hongrui, Yuan Ruizhe, Chen Kun, Yang Benqiang

项目背景

ProjectBackground

传奇

在40年的时间里，深圳从一个拥有30万居民的城镇发展成一个拥有1700万人口的特大城市。在20世纪80年代和90年代，深圳对于许多中国年轻人来说，就是一个造梦的城市。“时间就是金钱，效率就是生命”成为当时中国改革开放精神的代名词。

The Legend

Growing from a remote town of 300,000 residents to a megalopolis of 17 million in 40 years, Shenzhen was China"s dream city for the young and ambitious in the 1980s and "90s. "Time is Money, Efficiency is Life" was a widespread propaganda of China"s economic reform.

自上而下的规划

作为深圳的城市中心，以“深圳速度”建成的“福田中心区”占地4.4平方公里，是一个完全通过自上而下规划和设计的城市中心，被视为“深圳奇迹”的缩影。完整追随了现代主义城市的理性规划和功能至上，“福田中心区”成为全球资本主义符号、社会主义意识形态和中国传统象征主义的空间表现载体。大中轴线拥有大片的绿色空间、宽阔的机动车道、孤立的城市街区和华丽的摩天大楼，这一切勾勒出了一个永远年轻、充满未来气息的现代城市形象，同时也在社会层面和心理层面上留下了许多城市空墟。

The Top-down Planning

As Shenzhen"s city center, "Futian Central District" covers 4.4 square kilometers that not only urbanizes in "Shenzhen Speed"but also epitomizes the "Shenzhen miracle" as a city center built through entirely top-down planning and design. Fully adopting the rational and functionalist principles of the Modernist city, "Futian Central District"becomes spatial manifestation of a hybrid mixture of global capital icons, socialist ideology and traditional Chinese symbolism. Grand central axis with vast green spaces, wide-boulevards for vehicular traffic, isolated city blocks and glittering skyscrapers all together produce an image of a modern, forever young and future looking city, while at the same time left many socially and psychologically deserted urban voids.

“福[+]计划”：城市新层次

“福[+]计划”希望编写一种新的空间叙事，将新的城市节点叠加到现有的城市结构上，形成多层次的集体城市场景和社会聚合体，并试图让公众、社会和政府力量参与进来，共同为福田中心区建立一个可持续的管理与共建的开放平台。

Fu [+] : The New Urban Layer

Fu[+] Infill Plan hopes to choreograph a new spatial narrative to superimpose new urban nodes onto the existing urban structure forming multiple layers of collective urban scenarios and social condensers. The plan also tries to engage the public, social and political forces to collectively establish an alternative long term guidance, founding and open management platform for Futian Central District.

项目策略

Project Strategy

突破试验

勇于试错，“敢为人先”的制度突破是突破现有城市空间管理限制的先决条件。

BREAK FOR EXPERIMENT

In the premise of breaking through the existing system, it goes beyond the limits of urban management.

填充密度

填充城市空墟以增加功能密度，营造城市公共空间，增加社会交往的密度，从而激活公共空间的潜在活力。

PATCH FOR DENSITY

Infilling urban voids will increase program density, make urban public space vibrant and increase "social density".

孕育多元

实现文化场馆到文化场所的转型，为中小型文化机构提供舞台，营造出一个雅俗共赏的新文化中心。

STAGE FOR ALTERNATIVES

Making culture venue into culture destination is to provide platform for emerging cultural institution for a diverse culture center.

领养行动

“城市领养”的概念是建立一套“街道导则”使得市民能自发地领养城市公共空间，共同参与到城市建设中。

ACT FOR AUTONOMY

The concept of "urban adoption"is to have a "street code"that allows appropriation initiated by citizens to take place.

福[+]计划

Fu [+] Infill Plan

01. 市民中轴

中轴线作为福[+]计划的焦点，因其在空间和政治层面地位举足轻重，而成为强大而有影响力的示范区项目。“市民中轴”的概念在中国城市设计史上独树一帜：通过打开二层连廊的中心，将轴线留给市民，市政府与人大的建筑则分别坐落于轴线两侧。然而，在缺乏丰富的空间体验和城市功能的情况下，如此前瞻的意图将无法实现。

01. The People"s Axis

The Central Axis is selected as the focal point for Fu[+] Infill Plan as its spatial and political significance making it powerful and influential to be a "proto-district". The idea of making the central axis "Civic Axis" is unprecedented in Chinese urban design history. By opening up the center for the elevated walkway, it leaves the axis for the people while the municipal buildings of Shenzhen siting on two sides. However, the once visionary intention will never be fully realized without adequate spatial experience and diverse urban programs.

02. 从场馆到场所

深圳的文化中心坐落于市民中心与莲花山之间，通过中轴二层平台串联着市民广场和莲花山公园，两侧分别坐落着四大文化场馆和北中轴四园。然而，巨大的文化场馆已不再能灵活地够满足年轻一代对于新兴多元文化的需求。因此，“外馆”将作为新兴和实验性文化实践的舞台，促进全光谱式的“文化生态”生态的形成，使其真正的成为一个多元的文化中心。

02. From Spaces to Places

Connecting by an elevated walkway at the central axis, the North Axis Culture Center-cluster of four cultural venues of Shenzhen is located on both sides of the elevated walkway connecting the civic center and Lianhuashan (Lotus Mountain) Park. However, the enormous scale, rigidity and formality of the cultural venues has no longer be able to facilitate the emerging diverse cultural demands of the younger generation. Therefore, alternative stages, "Off-Venues", as platform for emerging and experimental cultural practice becomes essential to facilitate a full spectrum of "Cultural Ecology", a true culture center.

03. 深圳精神象征

“水晶岛”在深南大道与中轴线的交汇处，因其在政治和社会层面上的非比寻常的重要性获得了前所未有的关注，也因此所有的提案都停留在研讨层面，无法步入实践领域。不可预见的因素和力量使其未来成为值得深思熟虑并合理回应的问题。

03. The Ultimate Icon

Being at the cross-section of the Central Axis and Shennan Avenue, the "Crystal Island"is socio-politically too important to come to an appropriate realized project. Unforeseen factors and forces make its future a question mark that is worth to be answered properly.

04. 跨越深南

贯穿深圳东西向的深南大道实现了在理性和功能主义上的双重愿景，继而成为现代深圳的象征。但与此同时，它也引发了一个典型的中国城市化问题：道路过宽导致无法穿越，并且其将城市横切分割为南北两个部分。

04. Chinese Road Crossing

The East-West Shennan Avenue that runs through the city of Shenzhen fulfills the rational and functionalist promises and also serves as symbol for a modern Shenzhen. It becomes a typical Chinese urban problem as it cut off the northpart of the city from the south part and too wide to cross.

05. 站前会客厅

在中国，与福田站相似的高铁车站凤毛麟角，它在连接全国高速铁路网的同时，地处于城市的中心区域。也因此，其作为深圳门户的潜在作用并未实现。福[+]计划，在未充分利用的站前广场提出“Civic Mall”的概念。Mall一词最早是指“林荫路”，后被用作意指“购物中心”；利用“Mall”的双重含义，“Civi Mall”（市民的林荫路）这个概念与遍布深圳的购物中心形成鲜明对比，勾勒出一个实验性公共空间和城市目的地的崭新形象。

05. Civic Mall

Not many High speed railway stations like Futian Station, being at the heart of the city center connecting to the high speed railway network all over China, but the potential role of the station being gateway to Shenzhen is undermined. Fu[+] project proposed the concept of "Civic Mall" at the underutilized station plaza, in contrast to Shopping Malls all over Shenzhen, depicts an experimental public space and a new urban destination.

06. 世外桃源与文化引擎

在南中轴沿线鳞次栉比的摩天大楼中，存在着一个如同世外桃源一般的屋顶花园，但由于除了绿化，缺乏城市功能而人迹罕至。在这个尺度极大的城市街区所形成的城市空墟中，大型屋顶花园将是填充其中的城市文化和自然的绿洲。

06. CBD Oasis

Among the glittering skyscrapers along the South Axis, an underutilized roof garden is planned at the axis connecting the Civic Square to the north and the Convention Center to the south. The isolated city blocks result in psychologically and socially deserted urban voids. The large roof garden will be regenerated into a new social, cultural and natural oasis.

07. 立体街道

福华路地下盘踞着一个线性购物中心，每日吸引成千上万的访客。通过打开“福华路”上的绿化带，植入公共功能，将曾经隐藏在地下的活力归还给街道，借此唤醒福华路“沉睡的街道生活”。

07. Crack it

Under Fuhua Road is a linear shopping mall that attracts thousands of visitors daily. By opening up the green belt on "Fuhua Road"and inserting public programs, the vitality once hidden underground would be brought to the street to wake up the "sleepy street life"of Fuhua Road.

08. 市民欢愉的大堂

深圳新国际会展中心选址于宝安空港城之后，中心区内的深圳会展中心的历史使命逐渐褪去，其功能和角色将被重新定义。会展中心的二次契机被设想为一个能抵御深圳近半年时长、排山倒海般的夏季热浪的巨大的室内公共空间。

08. "People Mountain People Sea"

There will be an opportunity to re-think the role of the Convention Center as the new convention center in Bao"an Airport New City will soon take over the job. The reformation of the convention center is imagined to be a giant indoor public space resisting the heat wave of the half-year-long summer in Shenzhen.

09. 城市领养

“城市领养”即通过建立“街道导则”这样的准入机制，允许市民领养街道中的闲置空地，利用集体智慧重塑城市的公共空间。“城市领养”是实现社会治理，让市民参与到城市建设中的城市管理策略。

09. Individual Collectivity

To allow appropriation is allowing the collective wisdom to remake and reclaim public urban voids. Instead of alienating the people from the city, appropriation is an urban management strategy towards "Collectively Independent".

10. 城市游击队

“深圳”就是实验的代名词，深圳精神就是勇于试验并在不断地试错中实现体制的革新。“城市游击队”则是一种传承深圳精神的城市策略。其目的是通过在重要节点中置入测试项目来评估其成为永久项目的可能性。

10. Urban Guerilla

"Shenzhen"is made to test alternatives and learn from failure to drive the innovation of the inner system. Urban Guerillais an alternative urban tactic that inherits the spirit of Shenzhen by placing small urban nodes to evaluate the social effect before becoming permanent.

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